Setswana

セツワナレッスン:フォローアップ4

Mpho Sato

13 9月 2016 — 2 min read

Demonstratives

まず軽く「これ」「それ」「これら」「それら」。

For persons
Yo – this one
Ba - these ones
Yole- that one
Bale – those ones

For objects
e- this one
tse - these ones
ele – that one
tsele – those ones

Examples
Mosadi yo o montle. - This woman is beautiful.
Dijo e e montle. - This food is delicious.
Ke batla monna yo. - I want this man.
Ke nale dibiri tse. - I have these beers.
Ke bona dinonyane tele. - I see those birds.

強調している部分で、指差す感じです。Yoとかeとか単体でも使えます。

matlhalosi / adjectives

形容詞をおさらいしましたが、こちらのAdjectivesについての記事と、名詞クラスについてある程度の理解をしていないと下の表は理解でき無いと思います。

アスタリスク(*)はStrong adjectiveで名詞クラスによる先頭の活用が無い形容詞です。

Adjetives in singular

形容詞	意味	例文	例文
Ntle Maswe/ mpe Monate bosula telele khutshwane kima sesane Makgakga Maitseo Botho Tala Sweu ntsho botlhale seso tona nnye ntsi botlhoko lorato	Beautiful/ cute Ugly/ bad Nice Bad Tall Short fat thin Rude /bad manners Polite Polite Green White black clever/intelligent/smart stupid big small,few many,too much, much bitter - sour kind,loving	mosadi o montle basadi ba bantle ntlo e ntle dintlo di dintle Peter o maswe Kula o motelele Mpho o mokhutswane Kefilwe o mokima Katlego o mosesane Tebogo o makaka Tumisang o maitseo Tumisang o botho Mpho o mosweu Kula o montsho Ngwana yo motona o a lela. Kgomo e tona Buka e nnye Katse e nnye Ke na le madi,a mantsi Batho ba bantsi ko shopong Ke batla metsi a mantsi Mpho o lorato	ntlo e ntle/setunya(flower) se sentle tshwene e maswe Biri e monate. Phani e bosula. setlhare(tree) se setelele pensele e khutswane kolobe(pig) e kima thupa ( stick to beat) e thsesane setlhale se setala sefako se sesweu beke e ntsho

Examples

I have beautiful sunglasses.
```
  Ke na le mazaza a mantle.
```
Miu likes to drink a lot of water.
```
  Miu o rata go nwa metsi a manis.
```
There are a lot of people at the desert race.
```
  Bathos ba bantsi ko Mantshwabisi.
```
Miku is very smart and she is also loving.
```
  Miku o botlhale thata gape o lorato.
```

adjectives in the plural

複数系の名詞に対しての例文

basadi ba banale
boPeter ba bamaswe
basimane ba batelele
bana(plural of ngwana) ba bakhutswane
basadi ba bakima
batho ba bantsho

ditunya (plural of setunnya) di dintle.
ditlare (plural of setlare) di ditala
Dibiri di monate.
dikolobe di dikima
dibeke di dintsho
dipensele di dikhutshwane

以下はちょっと複雑な「Woman who is beautiful was here.」のような文章の例文です。

Somebody who is / Somepeople who are	something that is / things that are
mosadi yo montle o nwa bird basadi ba bantle ba nwa dibiri ngwana yo maitseo ke tumisang. bana ba ba maitseo ke bale. Ke rata batho ba bantsho. batho ba basweu botlare	ke rata koloi e ntle Ke rata dikoloi tse dintle ke ja nama e e monate dijo di montate Ditlako (shoes) di dintsho dikolobe di dikima